Google Adsense

Venezuela

Cuba says imports from US off sharply in 2010

Cuba says imports from US off sharply in 2010ANDREA RODRIGUEZ, Associated PressUpdated 02:57 p.m., Wednesday, February 1, 2012

HAVANA (AP) — Cuban imports from the United States fell sharply in 2010 while the country increasingly turned to trade with ally , according to newly released government statistics.

The government also announced that agricultural prices rose 20 percent last year in part due to shorter supply, even as authorities try to stimulate productivity with agrarian and economic reforms.

Cuba's National Statistics Office said the island imported $410 million worth of goods from the U.S. in 2010, mostly food products. That was down from $645 million the previous year and about $1 billion in 2008.

The nearly 50-year-old U.S. trade outlaws most U.S. commerce with Cuba, but it allows some things like agricultural goods and medicine to be sold to the island.

Cuba has said in the past that it would be buying less from the United States, saying the embargo's requirement that the transactions be done in cash was too restrictive. Increasingly it has turned to sources like , and Brazil in search of better terms.

The 2010 numbers on external trade released this week had not been previously announced, and 2011 figures are not available.

The document said trade with Venezuela, which has become Cuba's main commercial partner under Hugo , topped $6 billion in 2010, nearly double the $3.4 billion registered the year before.

Venezuela provides about 100,000 barrels of oil a day to Cuba on beneficial terms and receives doctors and technical advisers from Cuba.

China was Cuba's second-largest partner in 2010 with $1.9 billion in trade, according to the report, followed by , , Brazil and the Netherlands.

The United States ranked seventh.

Cuba said exports increased from $3.1 billion in 2009 to $4.6 billion in 2010.

So did imports, from $9.6 billion to $10.6 billion. Fuel and food topped the list of goods Cuba purchased.

The National Statistics Office also said in a different report that prices for goods in agricultural markets rose 19.8 percent last year, led by crops like citrus, coconut, mango and melon.

The Cuban government has acknowledged that productivity is a problem on the island, forcing it to resort to food imports it can ill-afford — a total of $1.5 billion in 2010, according to the Statistics Office.

As part of a package of economic reforms, President has made agricultural changes including handing over fallow state-run land to independent growers and co-ops, and extending credits for farm equipment and improvements and

He frequently stressed the need for homegrown products to substitute for imports.

http://www.seattlepi.com/business/article/Cuba-says-imports-from-US-off-sharply-in-2010-2920370.php

Spain’s Repsol begins Cuba offshore drilling-sources

's Repsol begins Cuba offshore drilling-sourcesReutersBy Jeff Franks | Reuters – Thu, Feb 2, 2012

HAVANA (Reuters) – Spanish oil company Repsol YPF has begun drilling the first well in Cuba's long-awaited exploration of offshore oilfields that the communist country says hold both billions of barrels of oil and the key to greater prosperity, industry sources told Reuters on Thursday.

The massive Scarabeo 9 drilling rig, which arrived in Cuban waters two weeks ago, began drilling into the sea floor about 30 miles northwest of Havana on Tuesday night, the sources said.

A Repsol spokesman said the company could not comment on "operational details."

The newly built, high-tech rig is operating in 5,600 feet of water, or what the oil industry calls "ultra-deep water," in the Straits of Florida, which separate Cuba from its longtime ideological foe, the United States.

Sources close to the project said such wells generally take about 60 days to complete.

Repsol, which is operating the rig in a consortium with Norway's Statoil and ONGC Videsh, a unit of India's Oil and Natural Gas Corp, has said it will take several months to determine the results of the exploration.

The well is the first of at least three that will be drilled in Cuban waters with the Scarabeo 9, which was built in and is owned by Saipem, a unit of Italian oil company Eni.

Sources have said that Repsol will drill the first well and then the rig will go to Malaysia's Petronas in partnership with Russia's Gazprom Neft and then back to Repsol for the third well.

It is not clear what happens after that, although some sources have said Repsol, which is leasing the Scarabeo 9 from Saipem at a rate said to be more than $500,000 a day, will move the rig to Brazil for exploration there.

Cuba has said it may have 20 billion barrels of oil in its northern waters, which are its part of the Gulf of Mexico. The U.S. Geological Survey has estimated it may have 5 billion barrels of oil, but its study does not include the entire Cuban gulf zone.

EASE FINANCIAL WOES

Cuba, which is in the midst of reforming its Soviet-style , is hoping oil will ease it chronic financial woes and bring energy independence from its socialist ally . It receives about 115,000 barrels daily from the oil-rich South American country.

But if oil is found, experts say it could take five years or so to begin production because more drilling will be needed and production infrastructure put in place.

Repsol drilled the only previous offshore well in Cuba in 2004 and said it found oil but that it was not "commercial."

It has been difficult to find a rig for more drilling because of the 50-year-long U.S. trade against Cuba, which limits the amount of U.S. technology that can be used.

The Scarabeo 9, which is of Norwegian design, has only one piece of American equipment – the blowout preventer, a key part that failed in the 2010 blowout of a BP well in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico.

The BP well, which was in more than 5,000 feet of water and spilled 5 million barrels of oil, stained hundreds of miles of U.S. coastline.

In Florida, 90 miles north of Cuba, the Cuba offshore project has raised fears that a similar could damage the state's beaches and coral reefs.

Drillers in Cuban waters could get within 45 miles of Florida, while in the U.S. gulf no exploration is permitted within 125 miles of the state.

At Repsol's invitation, a team of U.S. experts inspected the rig in December in Trinidad and Tobago and said it complied with all existing engineering and safety standards.

But the United States, which has no official diplomatic relations with Cuba, has only made safety preparations from afar and has not been otherwise involved in the project.

Countries such as Norway and Brazil have helped lead an international effort to get Cuba ready for oil exploration and the possibility of an oil spill.

The project has gone forward despite opposition in the United States from Cuban exile leaders, who have proposed legislation in the U.S. Congress to try to stop Repsol.

They fear that oil will enrich and assure the survival of the Communist government they have long opposed.

"We need to figure out what we can do to inflict maximum pain, maximum punishment to bleed Repsol of whatever resources they have if there's a potential for a spill that would affect the U.S. coast," U.S. Rep. David Rivera from Florida told a congressional subcommittee in Miami on Monday.

(Additional reporting by Jane Sutton in Miami; Editing by Bob Burgdorfer and Marguerita Choy)

http://news.yahoo.com/spains-repsol-begins-cuba-offshore-drilling-sources-184211604.html

Key political risks to watch in Cuba – 02-2012

Key political risks to watch in CubaBy Jeff Franks

HAVANA | Fri Feb 3, 2012 10:57am EST

Feb 3 (Reuters) – Cuba is opening the door to private management of some state-run cafes and service outlets in an apparent test of further reforms aimed at keeping the island one of the world's last communist countries.

The government said food prices rose nearly 20 percent in 2011 in a warning sign that economic change will not be painless.

Spain's Repsol YPF brought the massive Scarabeo 9 drilling rig into Cuban waters and began drilling what Cuba hopes will be the first of many wells in its untapped offshore oilfields.

ECONOMIC REFORMS

In eastern Holguin province, officials said 211 state-owned cafeterias would be leased to employeesin a semi-privatization similar to what has been done nationally with barber shops and beauty salons the past year and recently expanded to other service businesses such as watch repair and carpentry shops.

The Holguin program has not been mentioned in national media, but is likely a trial run before it becomes generalized, as was done with the other services.

The government, which wants to slash a million jobs from its payroll and encourage more private initiative, has said it will turn many small businesses, nationalized since the 1960s, over to employee cooperatives.

It is encouraging self-employment, with more than 362,000 people now working for themselves.

Minister Adel Yzquierdo Rodriguez told the National Assembly in late December that 170,000 state jobs would be cut in 2012 and as many as 240,000 new non-state jobs added.

The government's goal is to have up to 40 percent of the island workforce of 5.2 million in non-state jobs by 2015.

has made reform of Cuba's lagging agricultural sector a top priority and the Cuban state, which owns 70 percent of the country's land, has leased 3.5 million acres (1.4 million hectares) to 150,000 private farmers since he succeeded older brother Fidel Castro as president in February 2008.

In some areas, the state has increased the land farmers can lease to 165 acres (67 hectares), extended their leases to 25 years, allowed them to build homes on the land and will let them pass the leases on to family members.

Yet food output was up just 2 percent in 2011 and still below 2005 levels.

That, reduced food imports by the cash-strapped government and reforms allowing farmers to sell more of their production for market prices combined to make food prices shoot up in 2011.

The National Statistics Office reported that meat prices rose 8.7 percent while produce prices increased 24.1 percent, for an average of 19.8 percent on the year..

At the same time, the average monthly salary inched up only a few percentage points to the equivalent of $19 a month, the government said. The statistics stated what Cubans already knew — their buying power has shrunk under Castro's reforms.

President Castro told the National Assembly that Cuba still expected to spend $1.7 billion on food imports in 2012.

He also emphasized at a Communist Party conference the importance of an ongoing crackdown on corruption, which already has shuttered three foreign firms and sent executives of some of Cuba's biggest state-run firms to prison.

He said the party would implement term limits for the country's leaders, but he gave no details.

What to watch:

- The pace of reforms and their consequences.

- The development of small businesses.

- Agricultural production and food prices.

FINANCIAL HEALTH

Castro said the economy grew 2.7 percent in 2011 and was expected to rise 3.4 percent in 2012.

Cuba said it drew a record 2.7 million tourists in 2011, bringing in revenues of about $2.3 billion.

industry experts say tourism has boomed this winter as the Arab Spring scared Europeans away from northern Africa, relaxed U.S. regulations made it easier for Americans to visit the island and Castro's reforms drew visitors curious to see the effects of changes. They said Cuba needs more hotels to accommodate its growing tourism industry, which is a top hard currency earner for the country.

Cuba is heavily indebted and still recovering from a liquidity crisis that led to a default on payments and freezing of foreign business bank accounts in 2009.

Castro told the National Assembly that accounts for foreign suppliers to Cuba had been unfrozen and steps taken to prevent the problem from happening again.

Hopes that reforms would bring more foreign have been slow to materialize, but Brazilian company Odebrecht said it would sign a contract to help Cuba improve its troubled sugar industry. One executive said the deal would include ethanol production.

Long-awaited golf course developments, aimed at attracting wealthier tourists, remain on hold.

What to watch:

- Resolution of outstanding short-term

- Signs of increased interest in foreign investment

- Growth of tourism and Cuba's ability to handle it

OIL PLANS

The Chinese-built Scarabeo 9 arrived in Cuban waters and at January's end began drilling the first of three exploration wells in Cuba's part of the Gulf of Mexico.

Spain's Repsol YPF and its partners plan to drill two of the wells and Malaysia's Petronas and its partner, Russia's Gazprom Neft, will drill the other, all this year and with the same rig.

The project has drawn opposition in the U.S. Congress, but, to allay safety concerns, Repsol allowed U.S. experts to inspect the Scarabeo 9 in Trinidad and Tobago. They said it met all international engineering and safety standards.U.S. companies are forbidden from operating in Cuba by the U.S. trade .

Cuba depends on imports from its oil-rich ally , but says it may have 20 billion barrels of oil offshore. The U.S. Geological Survey has estimated 5 billion barrels.

What to watch:

- Results of Repsol's exploratory well.

- U.S. pressure to stop the drilling.

FOREIGN RELATIONS

A planned Papal visit in Marchimproved ties with Brazil, whose President Dilma Rousseff paid an official visit in January,are bright spots even as Cuba faces a more hostile Spanish government elected in November.

A major concern for Cuba is the health of Venezuelan President Hugo , a loyal ally whose government provides 114,000 barrels of oil a day and investment to Cuba. He underwent chemotherapy in Cuba and has declared himself cancer free, but experts say it is too soon to tell.

If he were unable to continue in office, it would be a big blow to Cuba.

U.S.-Cuba relations, which thawed briefly under President Barack Obama, have been frozen by the imprisonment of U.S. aid contractor Alan Gross.He is serving a 15-year sentence for providing gear to Cuban Jews under a U.S. program promoting Cuban political change.

A document reported to be the court's sentence said Gross knew the political aims of his work and tried to hide it from Cuban authorities despite his claims to the contrary.

http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/02/03/cuba-risks-idUSRISKCU20120203

Fuera! ¡Fuera! ¡Fuera!

Publicado el domingo, 02.05.12

¡Fuera! ¡Fuera! ¡Fuera!Carlos Alberto Montaner

María Corina Machado le ha escrito una carta abierta a que ha estremecido el ciberespacio. Debo haberla recibido trescientas veces desde que comenzó a circular por . No tiene desperdicio.

María Corina es una atractiva ingeniera venezolana de 45 años, experta en cuestiones empresariales, diputada antichavista, madre de tres hijos y candidata a encabezar a los demócratas de su país en las elecciones primarias del 12 de febrero próximo, fecha en que la oposición elegirá entre cinco políticos a la figura unitaria que deberá enfrentarse a Chávez (si está vivo en esa fecha) en los comicios del 7 de octubre.

Recientemente, la señora Machado adquirió notoriedad internacional cuando interrumpió y respondió contundentemente al maratónico discurso del Chávez ante la asamblea legislativa. No obstante, Henrique Capriles Radonski, gobernador de Miranda, se mantiene al frente en todas las encuestas que he visto, seguido de cerca por Pablo Pérez, joven gobernador de Zulia.

A propósito de la intervención de la diputada, Fidel Castro, en uno de los textos que suele publicar bajo el título de "Reflexiones", entró en el debate venezolano atacando a María Corina y defendiendo a su discípulo Chávez de la acusación de "ladrón", tarea imposible, dado el grado de corrupción e impunidad que se observa en el país.

Según Transparency International, la organización que mide los niveles de corrupción en el sector público mundial, en el ranking de los 176 países escrutados, ocupa el 164. Es el país más podrido de América Latina. Más, incluso, que Haití (146), la segunda nación más corrupta de la región. Dato que le da la razón a la diputada y compromete la honra del presidente Chávez: si no lo impide, es porque ésa sería su forma de ejercer el poder, o, si no lo persigue, porque no está enterado, en ambas situaciones se demostraría que no debe seguir al frente del país.

En todo caso, el entusiasmo de los venezolanos por la carta de la diputada a Fidel Castro no es por lo que ella le dijo a Chávez, sino por lo que les dice "a los cubanos". María Corina le reprocha al Comandante los ciento diez mil barriles diarios de petróleo que su país le entrega a Cuba sin esperanzas de cobro. Le recuerda las numerosas operaciones fraudulentas de ventas internacionales a Venezuela trianguladas a través de La Habana sin otro objeto que el de engordar las arcas cubanas a costa del sacrificio de los trabajadores venezolanos. Condena la grosera injerencia de la policía política y el ejército de la Isla en su rica colonia sudamericana, pero le advierte a Fidel Castro que no debe olvidar cómo, en el pasado, cuando el régimen cubano infiltró guerrillas y saboteadores en el país, los gobiernos democráticos de entonces y las Fuerzas Armadas Nacionales derrotaron totalmente esos intentos subversivos, algo que volverá a suceder en el futuro.

La popular acogida a la carta de la diputada demuestra la profunda molestia de los venezolanos con el tipo de relación metrópoli-colonia establecida entre Cuba y Venezuela por decisión de Hugo Chávez, incluso contra el criterio de muchos chavistas que ven esos vínculos como un hecho humillante e inexplicable.

Es la primera vez en la historia que una nación más rica, poderosa, grande, poblada, desarrollada y educada, se subordina voluntariamente a las órdenes e intereses de otra más pobre, marginal y fracasada que la explota inicuamente.

Y ésta no es una percepción política de la oposición, sino un lógico sentimiento popular expresado de múltiples maneras. En YouTube existe, para cualquiera que desee verlo, un video amateur recientemente filmado en el de Maiquetía (Caracas), que refleja ese profundo sentimiento anticubano germinado en el corazón de los venezolanos.

Se trata del colérico recibimiento a una nutrida delegación cubana que llegaba a Venezuela vistiendo camisetas con el rostro del Che Guevara. De pronto, espontáneamente, primero unos pocos, luego decenas, más tarde centenares, empleados, viajeros y acompañantes, los venezolanos comenzaron a gritar ¡Fuera! ¡Fuera! ¡Fuera! ante la perplejidad de unos cubanos que no sabían que los recibirían a gritos, con la furia que muestran los siervos ante los amos cuando llega el momento de la liberación.

Para Raúl Castro, el fin del chavismo, ya sea por defunción del teniente coronel o por una derrota política imparable, significará un peligroso descalabro económico y político. Ni siquiera puede descartar una especie de operación Dunkerque caribeña, evacuación urgente de decenas de miles de cubanos enquistados en la maquinaria pública venezolana a los que habría que proteger de la ira popular. Si eso sucede, ya sabe que los cubanos se irán escoltados por un grito visceral que los venezolanos han estado ensayando a todo pulmón: ¡Fuera!

Periodista y escritor. Su último libro es la novela La mujer del coronel.

www.firmaspress.com

http://www.elnuevoherald.com/2012/02/05/v-fullstory/1117507/carlos-alberto-montaner-fuera.html

El régimen duplica el comercio con Venezuela y descienden compras a EEUU

Comercio, Economía

El régimen duplica el comercio con y descienden compras a EEUU

El intercambio con Caracas llegó en 2010 a los 6.027 millones de dólares, contra los 3.385 informados de 2009, según la ONE, que debió dar las cifras del año vencido en 2011

Agencias, La Habana | 01/02/2012

El intercambio comercial entre La Habana y Caracas casi se duplicó a lo largo de 2010, hasta alcanzar los 6.000 millones de dólares, mientras las compras de alimentos a continuaron en descenso, indicó la Oficina Nacional de Estadísticas (ONE), reportó la AP.

La ONE indicó que el comercio con el Gobierno de Venezuela en 2010 fue de 6.027 millones de dólares contra los 3.385 informados de 2009. El reporte debió ser divulgado a lo largo de 2011, pues habitualmente las cifras se ofrecen al año vencido.

Convertido paulatinamente en el principal socio comercial de La Habana desde que asumió el Hugo Chávez en 2000, Venezuela tiene un acuerdo muy extenso con el régimen cubano. Caracas le provee a precios preferenciales de petróleo, y a cambio, obtiene médicos y técnicos para sus programas sociales.

El informe de la ONE señaló también una caída en la compra de alimentos a Estados Unidos, único rubro en el cual Washington no aplica sanciones contra La Habana en virtud de una enmienda del Congreso de comienzos de la década pasada.

El Gobierno cubano adquirió de Estados Unidos comestibles por valor de 410 millones de dólares en 2010 contra los 645 millones de dólares de 2009 y lejos de los 1.000 millones de 2008.

En el reporte del sector externo también sobresalen las cifras del intercambio con , equivalente en 2010 a 1.900 millones dólares y poco mayor que los 1.821 millones de dólares del cierre de 2009.

Pekín es el segunda socio comercial del régimen, y envía hacia la Isla maquinarias, trenes y ómnibus, entre otras cosas. China le compra níquel.

Según la ONE, La Habana mejoró sus cifras en el rubro de las exportaciones globales, pasando de los 3.109 millones de dólares en 2009 a los 4.597 millones de dólares en 2010. En contrapartida, en el mismo período aumentó sus importaciones, pasando de los 9.618 millones de dólares a los 10.646.

En total, el comercio internacional pasó de alrededor de los 12.700 millones de dólares en 2009 a los 15.200 millones de dólares en 2010.

Las cuentas mostraron también que la factura petrolera es uno de los elementos que más pesa en los gastos externos, seguida por la alimentaria, tema sensible en la economía cubana, pues debe acudir a los mercados internacionales para conseguir sus productos básicos —, , café y algunos cárnicos— sin lograr la sustitución de importaciones.

http://www.cubaencuentro.com/cuba/noticias/el-regimen-duplica-el-comercio-con-venezuela-y-descienden-compras-a-eeuu-273563

RSF: Cuba en el último lugar del continente americano en libertad de prensa

Reporteros Sin Fronteras

RSF: Cuba en el último lugar del continente americano en de prensa

Según el informe, periodistas y blogueros cubanos que desafían el control del Estado continúan siendo amenazados por la "represión y breves detenciones"

Redacción CE, Madrid | 25/01/2012

La organización no gubernamental Reporteros Sin Fronteras (RSF) ha situado a Cuba en el último lugar (167) del continente americano en su Clasificación Mundial de la Libertad de Prensa 2012, según el informe publicado hoy en su sitio web.

De acuerdo con el reporte, Cuba "no ha accedido a la apertura en materia de libertades públicas y de que se esperaba tras la liberación del último periodista que se encontraba encarcelado, el 8 de marzo de 2011".

El informe añade que periodistas y blogueros cubanos que desafían el control del Estado continúan siendo amenazados por la "represión y breves detenciones".

En otros países del continente, como y , creció la represión contra periodistas, indica el reporte, que confirmó además dificultades en México y Honduras.

RSF coloca en su informe a Estados Unidos en el puesto 47, 27 escalones menos que en 2011, pues "más de 25 periodistas padecieron durante dos meses detenciones y la brutalidad de una policía pronta a inculparlos por 'mala conducta', 'alteración del orden público', incluso ¡falta de acreditación!", durante las protestas del movimiento "Occupy".

La revuelta estudiantil en Chile, añade, "también cuestionó la extrema concentración de los medios de comunicación" y "a la contra los periodistas se sumaron atentados contra redacciones, ataques físicos y en línea". RSF sitúa, por tanto, al país en el lugar 80, 47 puestos más abajo que el año anterior.

Según la ONG, "2011 será recordado por los claros retrocesos de dos países": Brasil y Paraguay.

Con respecto al primero, el informe indica que "descendió 41 lugares" y lo coloca ahora en el puesto 99, mientras que el segundo "bajó 26" para ocupar el 80, debido a "la inseguridad", pues en ambos países "es peligroso tratar temas como la corrupción local, las actividades del crimen organizado y los ataques al medio ambiente".

Además, tres periodistas y blogueros brasileños y uno paraguayo fueron asesinados en 2011.

En Perú también tres periodistas fueron asesinados, añade. Se trata de una nación que "se distingue por la multiplicación de procesos penales por 'difamación' o 'injuria' y donde un periodista "pagó sus denuncias con seis meses de detención". La ONG le ha otorgado hoy el puesto 115.

En México, "además de los crímenes y represalias contra los internautas", "cinco periodistas fueron asesinados", según RSF, por lo que "continúa su descenso" hasta el lugar 149, 13 lugares más abajo.

También en Honduras, que continúa "estancado al final de la lista" (puesto 135) fueron asesinados cinco periodistas en 2011. Este país confirmó "su siniestra reputación como el (…) más peligroso del continente", denuncia RSF.

La ONG situó a Costa Rica (19) en el primer rango de las naciones latinoamericanas, a Uruguay en el 32 y a Canadá "a la cabeza en la clasificación del continente", con el lugar 10.

La organización reconoce en su informe "los avances judiciales" que han tenido lugar en Colombia (143), pero denuncia "el asesinato de un periodista" y el mantenimiento de "las amenazas, los exilios y las suspensiones laborales forzadas" de periodistas.

Según los parámetros de la ONG francesa, en la clasificación de libertad de prensa en el continente, siguen: Perú, en el puesto 115, en el 117, Panamá (113), (108), Ecuador (104), Guatemala (97), República Dominicana (95), Nicaragua (72), Guyana (58), Haití (52), Trinidad y Tobago (50), Argentina (47) y El Salvador (37).

http://www.cubaencuentro.com/cuba/noticias/rsf-cuba-en-el-ultimo-lugar-del-continente-americano-en-libertad-de-prensa-273253

Cálculos mal realizados

Economía

Cálculos mal realizados

Países con territorios muy extensos y mayores obstáculos naturales que Cuba poseen tasas de electrificación superiores, como , , Costa Rica, Brasil y Trinidad y Tobago, o similares, como el caso de Argentina, Uruguay, República Dominicana y Ecuador

Oscar Espinosa Chepe, La Habana | 25/01/2012

La capacidad de generación eléctrica de Cuba actualmente supera 10 veces la instalada en 1959 se anuncia con intención triunfalista en la primera página del diario Granma el 17 de enero. Esto se presenta como un enorme logro, sin tener en cuenta que ha pasado más de medio siglo, y el desarrollo tecnológico para producir electricidad con eficiencia ha avanzado de forma exponencial durante ese largo periodo.

Pero incluso si se examinan detenidamente las cifras del incremento del consumo de electricidad en el país, comparándolo con lo sucedido en América Latina y el Caribe, los resultados no pueden ser más desalentadores. De acuerdo con datos brindados por la Oficina Nacional de Estadística (ONE), en 1958 el consumo de electricidad fue 2.550,4 Gigavatts/hora (GW.h) y en 2010 alcanzó 17.395,5 GW.h, para una tasa promedio de crecimiento anual del 3,7 %, lo que no es muy alto. Sin , si esa comparación se realiza entre 1989 y 2010, la tasa de crecimiento anual fue de 0,6 %, una de las más bajas en la región.

Ciertamente la capacidad de generación de electricidad en Cuba se incrementó notablemente en los años 1970 y 1980, no debido a la genialidad de nadie, sino a una coyuntura histórica que propició que la Unión Soviética y Checoslovaquia entregaran numerosas plantas termoeléctricas, financiadas con créditos altamente ventajosas, que en su mayoría no se han pagado. Además, los soviéticos se convirtieron en una fuente enorme de combustible barato, que no solo satisfacía las necesidades internas —incluidas las sustanciales cantidades despilfarradas—, sino se convirtió en la primera fuente de divisas fuertes a través de la reexportación del excedente recibido al mercado internacional. Los "hermanos" soviéticos permitían esas operaciones con el fallido objetivo de construir una vitrina para América Latina y el Tercer Mundo en general y al mismo tiempo mantener un portaaviones insumergible a 90 millas de su principal rival en el mundo.

Por otra parte, datos del PNUD en su Informe sobre Desarrollo Humano 2007-2008 muestran que Cuba tuvo un consumo de 1.380 kilovatios/hora, per cápita, en 2004 para ocupar el puesto 18 en América Latina y el Caribe, mientras el cambio porcentual del consumo de electricidad per cápita entre 1990 y 2004 fue de 0,6 %, solo superior en la región a Antigua y Barbuda, Surinam y Haití, que tuvieron decrecimientos en ese lapso.

En cuanto a que el 96 % de las familias cubanos tienen acceso a la energía eléctrica, indudablemente es un hecho positivo. Pero se debe básicamente a lo apuntado anteriormente respecto a la colaboración que durante muchos años brindaron la Unión Soviética y Checoslovaquia, mediante el suministro de plantas termoeléctricas, subestaciones y demás componentes para desarrollar el sistema. Hay que tener en cuenta que otros países de nuestra región, con territorios muy extensos y mayores obstáculos naturales que Cuba, poseen tasas de electrificación superiores, como Chile, Venezuela, Costa Rica, Brasil y Trinidad y Tobago, o similares, en el caso de Argentina, Uruguay, República Dominicana y Ecuador. Niveles de electrificación alcanzados, sin tener que pagar el costo en carencia de , violación de derechos humanos y desgarramientos, sufridos por los cubanos en tantos años de totalitarismo.

Además, el desarrollo de la energía eléctrica en Cuba es altamente dependiente del uso del petróleo, con un apreciable grado de ineficiencia. Existen elevados consumos específicos de combustible e inaceptables coeficientes de pérdidas en la transmisión y distribución de la energía (15,4 % en 2010, en comparación con 8,7 % en 1958), dada la elevada antigüedad de las plantas termoeléctricas y demás componentes del sistema, en su mayoría con muchos años de explotación y una prolongada falta del mantenimiento adecuado, a lo cual se agrega una operación con muchas dificultades. Al mismo tiempo, la generación de energía eléctrica por fuentes renovables, en particular eólica y solar, es mínima (11,7 GW/h en 2010): muy por detrás de lo logrado actualmente en pequeños países como Costa Rica que produjo 519 GW/h solo de fuente eólica, en el mismo año, según información aportada por la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), en un estudio realizado sobre la generación de electricidad en Centroamérica.

La situación de los trabajadores eléctricos antes y después de 1959 no admite comparación. Por los motivos que sean, en la etapa prerrevolucionaria gozaban de muchas ventajas, que ni pueden soñar los trabajadores eléctricos posteriores. En primer lugar tenían salarios y condiciones laborales muy superiores a la mayoría de los trabajadores cubanos; contaban con una cooperativa que los abastecía de una amplia gama de productos de consumo a precios especiales, y recibían créditos y condiciones preferenciales para la construcción de viviendas de alta calidad y confort, los repartos eléctricos edificados en varias ciudades. Lamentablemente perdieron todas esas ventajas injustamente, en una supuesta política de igualación de todos los trabajadores cubanos, cuando lo correcto habría sido elevar gradualmente a todos a esas condiciones.

Quienes tenemos edad para recordar la situación antes de 1959, sabemos que los trabajadores eléctricos fueron muy combativos en la defensa de sus derechos y no vacilaron en realizar protestas y huelgas, lo cual no puede hacer ningún trabajador cubano actualmente, carente hasta de verdaderas organizaciones obreras para defender sus derechos. Al mismo tiempo, los sindicatos eléctricos, sobre todo en municipios y provincias, se destacaron por su patriotismo en la lucha contra la tiranía batistiana. Irónicamente, sus esfuerzos y sacrificios han sido pagados con falta de libertad y peores condiciones laborales. Realmente no existe razón alguna para celebrar.

http://www.cubaencuentro.com/cuba/articulos/calculos-mal-realizados-273257

The Manipulative Dossier / Rosa María Rodríguez Torrado

The Manipulative Dossier / Rosa María Rodríguez TorradoRosa María Rodríguez Torrado, Translator: Adam Cooper

In Cuba we have six television channels, but at 8 p.m. our options narrow, because the national news (the primetime program) is broadcast repeatedly on three of them (channels 4, 6, and 27), we are treated to sports news on channel 2, on channel 21 they show a documentary (the ones during that half hour are generally less interesting), and on channel 15 they rebroadcast (they never show it live) the "friendly" news show from TeleSur. Our satellite newscaster "informs" us how well things work in Cuba in contrast to other countries, mainly capitalist, of the world. He tells us of the abundance of products in the markets, "satisfied consumers" are interviewed, and the magnanimity of our government is sugarcoated daily. So in the face of such "marvels" I am quick as a hare with the remote control, surfing through channels and looking around in the scraps of programming for topics which I expect won't make me nauseous.

There is a on the TeleSur program who wears an eye patch in the old style of buccaneers and pirates. They say he lost that eye in a helicopter during a mission. His image strikes me as somewhat grotesque, because I think that his warlike nature and the blackened eye-socket which highlights it are part of a well-modeled image of the militant journalist committed to a 21st century socialism without manual or program, who bases his raison d'être on the perpetuity of the power of the strongmen and on the fight against the "Empire of the United States". I have to give credit to this man, the anchor of "Dossier", which opens and closes with a catch-phrase, saying that it broadcasts "from our beloved, contaminated, and only (here he raises an index finger) spaceship", referring to Earth. I credit him and his production team, because it seems that they are getting their signal out to various corners of the Milky Way. That feeling leaves me every time he uses that unnecessary sentence to refer to his location. It wouldn't surprise me if on the same program we found another host wearing a surgical mask because he had a decaying smile or was missing his teeth. It would simply be yet another eccentricity.

TeleSur, with its headquarters in Caracas, and which counts on financing from Ecuador, Nicaragua, , and Cuba, among others, is transitioning on its journalistic path toward the "Cuban disinformation style", evidence of the protective and consultative role of the largest of the Antilles in that Latin American media outlet with international distribution. It is an echo discordant with democracy and anachronistic in a particularly fashion to repeat the formulas of this long-lived, mature, and failed sociopolitical and economic experiment, and to adapt them to a project which claims to promote regional integration in societies where, despite the influence of our Antillean archipelago, plurality still survives. What would be fairer with respect to the realities of our brethren to the south is the exercise of objective, impartial, and truthful journalism in which there is no need, as there is in Cuba, for recourse to the "censorship patch" or the "surgical gag" to violate their people's rights and deceive them with disinformation and manipulation.

Translated by: Adam Cooper

December 20 2011

http://translatingcuba.com/?p=13939

Conjectures About 2012 / Miriam Celaya

Conjectures About 2012 / Miriam CelayaMiriam Celaya, Translator: Norma Whiting

A recurring theme among the last days of 2011 and early 2012 by Cubans and foreign individuals interested in the Cuban reality has been about the outlook for the year just begun, given the chronic nature of the national economic crisis, the ongoing measures (reforms) of the General-, with his Galapagos kind of pace, the announced increase in the worldwide recession and the political events that will have an important influence on the situation in the medium term, namely, the presidential elections that will take place in the United States and, fundamentally, those in .

The warning signs that constitute the tip of an iceberg floating adrift erratically became more pronounced in Cuba in 2011: the removal of some subsidies, the end of the monthly lifetime allowance in hard currency (50 CUC) to staff having completed "missions" in other Third World countries, the shut-down of several work centers and other silent layoffs, the reduction in ALBA (Bolivarian Alliance of the Peoples of Our Americas) student programs, especially at the Latin American Medical , increases in prices and other staples, worsening economic living conditions in the poorest sectors of society (the majority), in contrast against increases in the standard of living of a small sector of the new middle class, among others. This, coupled with the general apathy and the growing feeling of helplessness on the part of groups that will not benefit from Raulista measures, is a picture that points to the further deterioration of social situations and the potential increases in crime, among other adverse factors.

One of the strongest contradictions is the slow pace of government reforms, which, so far, has been unable to stop the deterioration of the system, compared to the rapid social impoverishment that is directly reflected in the disappointment, uncertainty, and lack of confidence in the future, especially a future dependent on the power group that controls both the macro and national politics. There don't seem to be many flattering indicators, or reasons for hope. If the welfare of Cuban families hinges on setting up a kiosk or an eatery, on remittances received from relatives abroad –those who have that luxury- or on expectations that hang on the generosity of the government, we might as well start turning out the lights and closing the doors: that is not a future.

On the other hand, none of the new economic "rights" has been matched by social and political rights, as is logical under totalitarian regimes. Cubans have been so thoroughly disenfranchised and have been subjected to such "paternalistic" controls that even we in the opposition factions and independent civil society have sometimes unconsciously wished that of , of association and of the press be "allowed", as if they weren't natural rights inherent to the human condition. What can we expect from others who have let discouragement win!

Nevertheless, 2011 was also witness to a surge in alternative and civic groups and to obvious links between the two. A spontaneous process of modest but visible growth has been taking place within the independent civil society, which could be consolidating gradually. Undoubtedly, though it is a small sector, corresponding to the conditions of the dictatorship, this is the reflection of the will of Cubans with emancipated mentalities, determined not to ask permission to be free, convinced that it is vital to transform reality within ourselves. A few years ago this was unthinkable. Similarly, along with the growth of civic spaces, we can expect strong resistance from the authorities, and an eventual increase in repression.

The fate of one and all in this 2012 will be marked, among other situational factors, by the interests that have already been outlined more clearly, which, in very general terms, are: the olive green elite and all of its caste, by virtue of recycling itself in order to maintain power; the great entrepreneurs, members of that same caste or associated with it, for maintaining an economic monopoly and increasing their private capitals; new small businessmen and owners, for increasing their profits, making use of the meager reforms, and perhaps for fighting for other reforms; the ever-unfortunates, for surviving another year of shortages; we, the disobedient dreamers, for increasing activism in order to promote awareness of democratic changes and for seeking new ways to foster them.

Some readers may think I'm pessimistic, but that is not the case. My greatest optimism consists precisely in viewing reality face-to-face and continuing to wish for changes. Today, the despair of tens of thousands of Cubans is one of the main allies of the regime. However, we must not give up. We might find the opportunity and perform a miracle in the midst of all this dark, murky and imprecise present. Nobody knows how much time we have left, but it is not the time to throw in the towel. Those of us who are alive and want to achieve will not allow fatigue and defeat to win the game.

Translated by Norma Whiting

January 9 2012

http://translatingcuba.com/?p=13947

Silencio del CENESEX ante visita de Ahmadineyad a Cuba

Silencio del CENESEX ante visita de Ahmadineyad a CubaMiércoles, Enero 11, 2012 | Por CubaNet

LA HABANA, Cuba, 11 de enero (www.cubanet.org) – Mahmud Ahmadineyad, de Irán, llegó a la capital cubana después de una gira que incluyó y Nicaragua, donde asistió a la toma de posesión presidencial de Daniel Ortega.

Ahmadineyad, que permanecerá en la isla menos de 24 horas, fue recibido en el José Martí por el vicepresidente Esteban Lazo, y hoy mismo será recibido por el General Raúl Castro. También está programado que pronuncié una conferencia en la de La Habana.

Desde La Habana, Leannes Imbert, directora del Observatorio de los Derechos LGTB, una organización no gubernamental no reconocida por las autoridades, declaró a Cubanet que los miembros del Observatorio están "indignados, pero no asombrados, con la visita del Presidente iraní a la Isla".

Imbert señalo que "si fuese posible la comunidad LGTB hubiese protestado en las calles por la visita del homófobo presidente". Agregó además que esta hubiera sido una magnífica oportunidad para que la Doctora Mariela Castro, hija del presidente Raúl Castro y sobrina del ex gobernante Fidel, hubiese demostrado que realmente le preocupan los derechos humanos de los homosexuales, pronunciándose públicamente al respecto.

Hace unas horas la famosa Yoani Sanchez, se pronunció respecto al asunto enviando dos Tweets:

Buen momento para q CENESEX demuestre su independencia y publique carta deprotesta por represion contra gays en Iran

Y que dice @CastroEspinM sobre el recibimiento aquí de un presidente en cuyo pais se ahorca a los gays

La Doctora Castro dirige el CENESEX, una organización supuestamente no gubernamental que se dedica a defender la diversidad sexual y el respeto a los derechos de los homosexuales. Paradójicamente, ni el CENESEX, ni los blogueros oficialistas homosexuales como Francisco Rodríguez , del Paquito el de Cuba han hecho hasta el momento ninguna mención de la visita oficial del connotado homófobo iraní.

El régimen teocrático iraní, que Ahmadineyad representa, considera la homosexualidad un delito, que es castigado hasta con pena de muerte. Además las leyes iraníes, prohíben estrictamente la existencia de partidos políticos, organizaciones sociales o culturales o movimientos gays que defiendan los derechos de los homosexuales.

De acuerdo a la Fundación Boroumand, en Irán hubo 107 ejecuciones relacionadas con delitos de homosexualidad entre 1979 y 1990. Según Amnistía Internacional al menos 5 personas convictas por "tendencias homosexuales", tres hombres y dos mujeres, fueron ejecutados en enero de 1990, como resultado de la política del gobierno iraní que llama a denunciar y ejecutar a todos aquellos que practiquen actos de homosexualidad.

En 2005, dos adolescentes iraníes fueron sentenciados a muerte, latigados y ahorcados frente a una multitud por haber mantenido relaciones homosexuales. En diciembre de 2007 Irán continuaba ejecutando homosexuales.

Ahmadineyad partirá mañana jueves hacia Ecuador, donde será recibido por el Presidente Rafael Correa.

http://www.cubanet.org/actualidad/silencio-del-cenesex-ante-visita-de-ahmadineyad-a-cuba/

Yoani Sánchez reacciona ante la visita del presidente iraní a Cuba

Yoani Sánchez reacciona ante la visita del iraní a Cuba

"Los dos necesitan con urgencia esta nueva foto de familia. El uno para probar que no esta tan solo como la diplomacia norteamericana quiere hacer ver y el otro porque precisa demostrar que sigue vivo, a diferencia de lo que se rumorea en las redes sociales," dice la en referencia a la posible visita de Ajmadinejad a .

martinoticias.com 11 de enero de 2012

La bloguera Yoani Sánchez opina que el encuentro "a puertas cerradas" del presidente iraní Mahmud Ajmadinejad con el exgobernante Fidel Castro será un modo de consolarse por la tambaleante situación de ambos, según escribió en su más reciente publicación en su Generación Y.

En el artículo titulado "Verde que te quiero libre", Sánchez recuerda la visita anterior del gobernante iraní a la isla en septiembre de 2006, a propósito de la reunión del Movimiento de Países No Alineados, precisamente cuando la enfermedad de Castro se había anunciado solo unas semanas atrás, y menciona su ausencia de él en la foto final del evento.

La bloguera advierte sobre las transformaciones acaecidas en la situación de ambos gobernantes en los últimos 5 años: Ajmadinejad "se encuentra en medio de una escalada de tensiones con Washington y ha amenazado incluso con cerrar el estrecho de Ormuz", mientras Fidel Castro "transita por el apagamiento paulatino de su imagen dentro y fuera del país y ha perdido buena parte de la ascendencia que alguna vez tuvo."

Con su habitual ironía la bloguera concluye que "los dos necesitan con urgencia esta nueva foto de familia. El uno para probar que no esta tan solo como la diplomacia norteamericana quiere hacer ver y el otro porque precisa demostrar que sigue vivo, a diferencia de lo que se rumorea en las redes sociales."

La visita a Cuba del presidente iraní forma parte de un periplo por América Latina que ha incluido también paradas en y Nicaragua, y tendrá a Ecuador como destino final.

A la par de la periodista independiente Yoani Sánchez, otros miembros de la Sociedad Civil reaccionaron ante la visita oficial del presidente de Irán.

"Cuba lleva muchos años con esta política: ha mantenido de aliados a países que son realmente detestables en cuanto al asunto de derechos humanos," opina Antonio González Rodiles, organizador de la plataforma independiente de debate Estado de SATS, en entrevista con Radio Martí.

"Quizás el gobierno cubano pueda recibir algún beneficio económico – agrega González Rodiles – pero creo que va en una dirección totalmente distinta de lo que deberían ir las relaciones exteriores de nuestro país. Es mucho más importante tratar de estabilizar las relaciones con antes de estar 'coqueteando' con un sistema que es ampliamente conocido por la violación de ."

El opositor Reynaldo Escobar declara por su parte que "Cuba es una nación que debe relacionarse con todas las naciones del mundo, pero el señor Ajmadinejad es una personalidad política nefasta. Sabemos que ha habido una represión muy fuerte contra las personas que tienen una postura en esa nación y que él en estos momentos es la punta de lanza contra el mundo occidental."

http://www.martinoticias.com/noticias/Yoani-Sanchez-reacciona-ante-la-visita-del-presidente-irani-a-Cuba-137130488.html

A Chip Off The Old Block: Che’s Daughter / Ángel Santiesteban

A Chip Off The Old Block: Che's Daughter / Ángel SantiestebanAngel Santiesteban, Translator: Unstated

As if by agreement, Mariela Castro flatters the Dutch system of prostitution in the Amsterdam red light district, and Aleida Guevara (both without highlighting they'd come from the most advantaged sperm of their fathers who fertilized the eggs of their mothers), counsels the of , Hugo Frias, that he should nationalize the entire press. Their declarations do discredit to themselves. In each interview they gave they received a red card and a penalty.

To recommend such barbarism to the Caudillo shows an Olympian underestimation of him, as if it hadn't already previously occurred to him. Perhaps little Aleida didn't read about Chavez's closure of the newspapers and radio and TV channels? Couldn't she imagine that her uncle Fidel had already advised the same.

What is happening is that times now are not the same if we compare them to the decade of the sixties, and no one has informed this brat that she has lived in a bubble (having had the privilege of believing that socialism is effective because her table has never lacked filet mignon, nougat, apples and wine, all as a great concert of imports), and she is unaware that the world is watching and expressing its disagreement with such abuses and lack of democracy, and, precisely because of these follies typical of dictators, in recent times the most important political changes in contemporary history are taking place.

I'd like to note that this post has been the most difficult of all those written by me so far. I find Aleida so alien, so distant from the events of the world, that at times it seems to me as if she is mentally retarded. I saw her with her children in primary many times, at 5th and 62nd Streets, with her arrogant airs and figure, looking at the rest of the parents over her shoulder at a prudent distance so as not to mingle with the plebs. I could also appreciate the sly contempt with which the parents responded. Listening to the teachers, after flattering her, cursing her and cataloging the ungratefulness and abuse of her position as "daddy's girl."

In addition to her caudillo-taliban , you have to remember her genetic inheritance, hence Aleida Guevara's pose as a Court Aristocrat, nails bared as is natural. It doesn't take much imagination to know what she would be capable of if you put a little power in her hands.

I always remember the shocking testimony of Comandante Benigno, who may have known Che well, when they went to execute the peasant who told the enemy the coordinates where they could find 's guerrilla camp in the Sierra Maestra, and after a "summary trial," the accused was led by Che, William Galvez and Benigno, and as they left the camp, looking for a place to carry out the execution, they hear an unexpected gunshot very close to their ears. The shock made them take a defensive position, when they looked they saw the body of the peasant fall with his head exploded from a shot by Che, who, cold-bloodedly, put away the pistol and advised them to hurry back because it was going to rain. There's nothing more to say. To end this interminable story, on his arrival at La Cabaña , where he established his command post, he provoked a river of blood with hundreds of firing squads. He spent more bullets in La Cabaña than in the entire guerrilla war.

In Africa, after the battle in which an African soldier, in order to save his own life, had to abandon his machine gun because of its weight and the difficulty of moving it, Che called him a coward in front of everyone. And the African soldier refuted him, explaining that he had no other human choice. And Che, with the same coolness with which he destroyed the peasant's head with his bullet, said laconically, "you made a coward of yourself." And in the follow battles the soldier chose to lose his life rather than abandoning the machine gun again, and the same Che, later in his diary, recognized that it had been his fault. He had this gift of killing people, directly and indirectly, those who because of ideology and by chance ran into him.

And now his daughter, she takes after her father, doesn't know the reality of Cubans, lives in a house that she doesn't know how or by whom it got built and she's never had to pay the costs of it, drives a car without having earned it, at a cost which is the sweat of people who were never consulted about whether they would accept the sacrifice for her comfort, and now on her Trip to Peru she assures the press, thinking herself greatly conversant in the political and social world, that she has counseled the Hugo Chavez to imitate her uncle Fidel. How ridiculous is this girl from the court? I can't forget when, as an adult, she went to Argentina for the first time, and in less than a month returned speaking with the intonation of her father. She was greeted at the before a world cringing in embarrassment, in front of her uncle Fidel, who timidly watched her butcher the accent, a capricious cadence at a desperate speed.

And now she comes to us with her know-it-all airs, wandering the world with the people's money and the memory of her father. I'll never understand how there can be people who are proud of a man who ordered executions and who, himself, with his own hand, carried out the sentences. It seems to me that the figure of Che has been the image most manipulated in our era.

Now we have to endure this daughter of her father and niece of her uncle, who comes to us with her extremist actions that reaffirm, in addition to her genetics, the sentiments of her biological family and the work of her in loco parentis Fidel Castro.

As my aunt would say, "God save us, and take us confessed."

Ángel Santiesteban-Prats

January 10 2012

http://translatingcuba.com/?p=13921

Google Adsense

Calender

February 2012
M T W T F S S
« Jan    
 12345
6789101112
13141516171819
20212223242526
272829  

Google Adsense